Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe Suppliers
- Size Range: From 4mm4mm to 800mm800mm
- Wall Thickness Range: From 1mm to 150mm (SCH10-XXS)
- Length Options: 4000mm, 5800mm, 6000mm, 12000mm, or as required.
- Finish: 2B, BA,4K,8K, NO.1,2D,3#, HL
- Type: Round, square, rectangular, hexagonal, flat, angle
- Technique: Cold rolled, hot rolled
product description of Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe
The Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe, provided by Huaxiao stainless steel pipe suppliers, is a meticulously crafted product with a unique composition of chromium, nickel, carbon, manganese, and other elements. This composition gives these pipes their remarkable properties, including high strength, temperature control capabilities, and exceptional corrosion resistance. With a high-temperature strength that can withstand up to about 900°C, these pipes find applications in a wide range of industrial and domestic scenarios. Whether it’s manufacturing processes or plumbing projects, the 321 Stainless Steel Seamless Pipes are the preferred choice, offering durability, reliability, and the assurance of top-notch performance.
specification of Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe
chemical composition of 321 stainless steel seamless pipe
| Element | Composition (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon © | ≤ 0.08 |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 0.75 |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 2.00 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.045 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.03 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 17.0-19.0 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 9.0-12.0 |
| Nitrogen (N) | ≤ 0.10 |
| Titanium (Ti) | ≥ 5×(C+N), ≤ 0.70 |
physical property of 321 stainless steel seamless pipe
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density | 7.9 g/cm³ (0.29 lb/in.³) |
| Melting Point | 1400-1425°C (2550-2600°F) |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 500 J/kg·K (0.12 Btu/lb ·°F) at 20 °C |
| Electrical Resistivity | 0.72 μΩ·m at 20 °C |
| Magnetic Permeability | Approximately 1.02 |
| Elastic Modulus | 193 GPa (28 x 10^6 psi) |
| Thermal Conductivity | 16.1 W/m·K (9.3 Btu/ft · h ·°F) at 100 °C (212 °F) 22.2 W/m·K (12.8 Btu/ft · h ·°F) at 500 °C (932 °F) |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 16.6 x 10^-6 /K (9.2 μin./in. ·°F) at 0-100 °C (32-212 °F) 17.2 x 10^-6 /K (9.6 μin./in. ·°F) at 0-315 °C (32-600 °F) 18.6 x 10^-6 /K (10.3 μin./in. ·°F) at 0-538 °C (32-1000 °F) |
mechanical property of 321 stainless steel seamless pipe
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 75 ksi |
| Yield Strength at 0.2% | 30 ksi |
| Elongation | 40% |
| Brinell Hardness | 217 |
| Rockwell B Hardness | 95 |
features of Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe
The composition of the Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe is a critical characteristic that profoundly influences its properties and performance. It’s a carefully crafted alloy made up of various elements, each contributing to its unique set of qualities.
Chromium: This pipe contains a significant amount of chromium, which is essential for enhancing its strength and durability. Chromium creates a protective oxide layer on the surface of the steel, effectively shielding it from corrosion, even in challenging environments.
Nickel: Nickel is another key component that plays a crucial role in making this steel pipe highly corrosion-resistant. It forms a solid solution with the iron matrix, contributing to the overall strength and resilience of the material.
Carbon: Carbon content is controlled within a specific range to maintain the pipe’s integrity while ensuring it can be effectively welded.
Manganese: Manganese aids in deoxidizing the steel, improving its ductility, and enhancing its workability during manufacturing.
Phosphorus and Sulfur: These elements are kept at low levels to prevent any detrimental effects on the steel’s properties.
Silicon: Silicon is added to deoxidize the steel and promote uniformity in the final product.
Titanium and Nitrogen: The inclusion of titanium and nitrogen further stabilizes the steel’s structure, which is crucial for high-temperature applications and extends its durability.
In summary, the composition of Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe is meticulously balanced to combine the strength and flexibility of chromium and nickel with the stability provided by titanium and nitrogen. This alloy’s precise composition makes it an ideal choice for applications requiring both corrosion resistance and robust performance in challenging environments.
The strength of Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe is a crucial characteristic that determines its performance in various applications. This strength is a result of its specific composition and manufacturing process. Here’s a detailed explanation of this feature:
Composition: The high strength of this steel pipe is primarily attributed to its composition. It contains a significant amount of chromium, nickel, and titanium. Chromium enhances the steel’s tensile strength and resistance to corrosion. Nickel adds to its strength and toughness, while titanium contributes to the overall stability of the alloy.
Yield Strength: The yield strength of Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe is notably high, with a minimum of 205 MPa. Yield strength is the amount of stress the material can withstand without undergoing plastic deformation, providing assurance of structural integrity.
Tensile Strength: The tensile strength of this stainless steel pipe is also impressive, with a minimum of 515 MPa. Tensile strength measures the maximum stress the material can endure while being stretched or pulled before it breaks. This high tensile strength ensures the material’s reliability in demanding conditions.
Ductility: Although known for its strength, this stainless steel maintains a degree of ductility, which is the ability to deform without fracturing. It’s an essential property for applications that involve forming, bending, or welding.
Temperature Resistance: Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe exhibits remarkable strength even at elevated temperatures. This makes it suitable for applications where high-temperature resistance is crucial, such as in industrial environments or high-temperature processing.
In summary, the strength of Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe is a result of its well-balanced composition and precise manufacturing process. This high strength, combined with excellent resistance to corrosion, stability, and temperature resilience, makes it a top choice for a wide range of industrial and high-temperature applications where reliability and performance are paramount.
The temperature control capability of 321 Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe is a critical feature that makes it highly versatile in various industrial applications. This characteristic is closely linked to the alloy’s composition and properties. Here’s a detailed explanation:
Composition: The excellent temperature control properties of Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe are mainly a result of its specific composition. It contains a precise blend of iron, chromium, nickel, and titanium, among other elements. Chromium and nickel enhance the steel’s high-temperature performance, while titanium contributes to its stability.
Resistance to High Temperatures: One of the standout features of this stainless steel pipe is its ability to withstand high temperatures. It is the grade of choice for applications within the temperature range of up to about 900°C. This high-temperature resistance is essential for various industrial processes, including those involving heat treatment, furnaces, and exhaust systems.
Scaling Resistance: Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe exhibits exceptional resistance to scaling at elevated temperatures. Scaling is the formation of oxide layers on the surface of metals when exposed to high temperatures. The alloy’s composition, particularly the presence of chromium, enables it to resist scaling, ensuring the pipe’s longevity and structural integrity at high heat.
Phase Stability: Stainless Steel 321 maintains phase stability, even when subjected to extreme temperatures. This means that it remains structurally sound and doesn’t undergo significant phase changes that could compromise its mechanical properties, such as strength and ductility.
Application Versatility: Due to its temperature control properties, this stainless steel pipe is commonly used in industries where high temperatures are encountered, including chemical processing, aerospace, power generation, and automotive. It offers reliable performance even in challenging thermal environments.
In conclusion, the temperature control feature of Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe is a testament to its well-balanced composition and alloy design. Its remarkable resistance to high temperatures, scaling, and phase stability makes it an ideal choice for applications demanding precise temperature control and reliability in extreme thermal conditions.
The corrosion resistance of 321 Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe is a vital characteristic, contributing to its durability and versatility. Here’s a detailed explanation of this feature:
Alloy Composition: The exceptional corrosion resistance of Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe is primarily attributed to its alloy composition. This grade contains a precise combination of elements, including chromium, nickel, and titanium. The presence of these alloying elements forms a protective layer on the surface of the steel, which effectively prevents corrosion.
Chromium Content: Chromium is a key component that imparts remarkable corrosion resistance to this stainless steel grade. When the pipe is exposed to oxygen in the atmosphere, the chromium in the alloy reacts with it to form a thin, passive layer of chromium oxide on the steel’s surface. This layer acts as a shield, protecting the underlying material from further oxidation and corrosion.
Nickel’s Contribution: Nickel is another essential element that enhances the corrosion resistance of Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe. It promotes the passivation process by stabilizing the protective chromium oxide layer, making it more resistant to degradation in corrosive environments.
Titanium’s Role: The addition of titanium further improves the pipe’s resistance to corrosion. Titanium contributes to the stability of the alloy, which is crucial in maintaining the integrity of the protective oxide layer. This results in extended service life and enhanced resistance to various corrosive agents.
Versatile Application: The exceptional corrosion resistance of 321 Stainless Steel makes it a highly versatile choice for a wide range of applications. It is commonly used in industries exposed to corrosive elements, such as chemical processing, petrochemical, food processing, and even in marine environments. The steel’s ability to withstand aggressive substances and environmental conditions without corroding makes it ideal for these applications.
In conclusion, Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe’s corrosion resistance is a result of its well-engineered alloy composition, featuring key elements like chromium, nickel, and titanium. This combination ensures that the steel maintains its structural integrity and resists corrosion when subjected to various corrosive agents and harsh environments.
The “High Temperature Strength” of 321 Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe is a remarkable characteristic, making it suitable for applications where elevated temperatures are involved. Here’s a detailed explanation of this feature:
Alloy Composition: The superior high-temperature strength of Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe is attributed to its specific alloy composition. This grade contains essential elements such as chromium, nickel, and titanium, which work in tandem to provide this property.
Chromium Content: Chromium, a major component of the alloy, enhances the steel’s high-temperature strength. At elevated temperatures, chromium forms a protective oxide layer on the surface, which contributes to the material’s resistance against scaling and deformation.
Nickel’s Influence: Nickel, another crucial element in the alloy, plays a significant role in maintaining strength at high temperatures. It promotes the stability of the protective oxide layer formed by chromium, making it more resistant to degradation when exposed to heat.
Titanium’s Stabilizing Effect: The addition of titanium further enhances the high-temperature strength of the pipe. Titanium contributes to the alloy’s stability, even when subjected to extreme heat. This stability ensures that the material remains strong and resistant to phase changes, which can compromise its integrity at high temperatures.
Ideal for Elevated Temperatures: Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe is the preferred grade for applications that require high-temperature resistance. It retains its structural integrity and strength in temperature ranges of up to about 900°C, which is significantly higher than many other stainless steel grades. This makes it an ideal choice for applications in industries such as petrochemical, manufacturing, and heat treatment processes.
In conclusion, the high-temperature strength of Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe is a result of its specialized alloy composition, featuring key elements like chromium, nickel, and titanium. This combination ensures that the steel maintains its strength, resists scaling, and remains structurally stable even in demanding, high-temperature environments.
application of Seamless 321 Stainless Steel Pipe
Aircraft piston engine manifolds and exhaust stacks
In the aerospace industry, where precision and safety are paramount, the Stainless 321 Steel Seamless Pipe shines. Its ability to withstand extreme temperatures, such as those generated by aircraft piston engines and exhaust systems, is crucial. Whether it's the manifold, where the pipe's high-temperature strength ensures reliable performance, or the exhaust stacks where it resists corrosion even in aggressive environmental conditions, this stainless steel pipe plays a vital role in the aviation sector. Its durability and longevity reduce maintenance and replacement costs, making it an indispensable choice for aviation.
Expansion Joints
The versatility of the 321 Stainless Steel Pipe is evident in its use in expansion joints. These components are essential for accommodating thermal expansion and contraction in industrial settings. The pipe's unique blend of flexibility and strength enables it to handle the demanding task of withstanding pressure and movement while maintaining its structural integrity. It's a key component in various industries, from chemical processing plants to power generation facilities, where expansion joints are critical to equipment longevity and safety.
Thermal Oxidizers
Thermal oxidizers are essential for environmental protection by eliminating hazardous gases. These devices operate at high temperatures, often subject to aggressive chemical environments. The 321 Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe excels in this role due to its remarkable resistance to both heat and corrosion. Its durability and reliability ensure that thermal oxidizers can function optimally, providing efficient and safe gas treatment. This application showcases the pipe's significance in addressing environmental concerns and health and safety regulations across multiple industries.
In summary, the 321 Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe is a versatile and indispensable material in various high-temperature and mechanically demanding applications. Its outstanding durability, corrosion resistance, and longevity contribute significantly to the safety, efficiency, and environmental responsibility of industries such as aviation, manufacturing, and environmental protection.
FAQ
The difference between 316 and 321 stainless steel seamless pipes lies in their composition and specific properties. Let’s examine the variations between these two grades:
Composition:
316 Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe: This grade primarily consists of chromium, nickel, and molybdenum. It offers excellent corrosion resistance in various environments. Molybdenum enhances its resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion. 316 stainless steel is widely used in marine and aggressive chemical environments due to its overall corrosion resistance.
321 Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe: While also containing chromium and nickel, 321 stainless steel is alloyed with titanium. The titanium addition not only provides stability but also offers high-temperature resistance. This grade excels in applications that involve elevated temperatures, such as aircraft engine components and thermal oxidizers. It has excellent creep strength and stress rupture properties at these higher temperatures.
Corrosion Resistance:
316 Stainless Steel: Known for its general corrosion resistance, particularly in acidic and chloride-rich environments, it is suitable for a wide range of applications, including marine and chemical industries.
321 Stainless Steel: Offers corrosion resistance comparable to 316 stainless steel, but with an additional edge in high-temperature environments. Its titanium content provides superior resistance to intergranular corrosion after exposure to temperatures in the carbide precipitation range.
High-Temperature Strength:
316 Stainless Steel: Although 316 can handle moderately elevated temperatures, it’s not as well-suited for applications involving prolonged exposure to extremely high temperatures.
321 Stainless Steel: Specifically designed to handle high-temperature applications, such as aircraft engine components and thermal oxidizers, thanks to its exceptional high-temperature strength and creep resistance.
In summary, both 316 and 321 stainless steel seamless pipes offer excellent corrosion resistance. However, their differentiation primarily stems from the addition of titanium in 321, which provides enhanced high-temperature performance. When selecting between the two, it’s crucial to consider the specific environmental conditions and operating temperatures of your application. Stainless steel pipe suppliers can provide valuable guidance to ensure the appropriate choice for your needs.
The difference between 304 and 321 stainless steel seamless pipes lies in their composition and specific properties. Let’s explore the distinctions between these two stainless steel grades:
Composition:
304 Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe: This grade is composed primarily of chromium and nickel, with a minimal amount of carbon. It is renowned for its excellent corrosion resistance and versatility. 304 stainless steel is commonly used in applications where general corrosion resistance is required, including food processing equipment, architectural structures, and industrial components.
321 Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe: While 321 stainless steel also contains chromium and nickel, it is alloyed with titanium. The titanium addition provides stability and offers high-temperature resistance, making it ideal for applications involving elevated temperatures. It excels in situations where high-temperature strength, creep resistance, and stress rupture properties are vital.
Corrosion Resistance:
304 Stainless Steel: Known for its superior general corrosion resistance, especially in various atmospheric and chemical environments. It’s a popular choice for a wide range of applications, including those in the food, beverage, and pharmaceutical industries.
321 Stainless Steel: Offers similar corrosion resistance to 304 stainless steel but has an edge in high-temperature environments, where it maintains its corrosion resistance due to its titanium content. This makes it suitable for applications like aircraft engine components and thermal oxidizers.
High-Temperature Strength:
304 Stainless Steel: While 304 can handle moderately elevated temperatures, it is not specifically designed for applications involving prolonged exposure to extremely high temperatures.
321 Stainless Steel: This grade is specifically engineered for high-temperature applications. The titanium alloying imparts superior high-temperature strength, making it an excellent choice for components subjected to elevated temperatures.
In summary, both 304 and 321 stainless steel seamless pipes offer excellent corrosion resistance. The primary distinction arises from the presence of titanium in 321, which provides enhanced high-temperature performance. When choosing between these grades, it’s crucial to consider the specific environmental conditions and operating temperatures of your application. Consulting stainless steel pipe suppliers can be valuable in making the appropriate selection based on your needs.
321 stainless steel pipes offer several advantages due to their unique composition and properties:
High Temperature Resistance: One of the key advantages of 321 stainless steel pipes is their exceptional high-temperature resistance. They can withstand temperatures up to about 900°C, making them ideal for applications in extreme heat conditions.
Corrosion Resistance: These pipes exhibit excellent corrosion resistance, similar to other stainless steel grades, but with the added benefit of stability at high temperatures. This makes them suitable for use in various corrosive environments.
Strength and Durability: The composition of 321 stainless steel provides it with high yield and tensile strength, making it robust and long-lasting. It can withstand mechanical stress and pressure, ensuring durability in various applications.
Creep and Stress Rupture Properties: 321 stainless steel excels in situations where creep resistance and stress rupture properties are essential, such as in aircraft engine components and thermal oxidizers.
Weldability: These pipes are readily weldable, which is crucial for many applications. They maintain their corrosion resistance and mechanical properties even after welding, making them suitable for fabrication.
Applications in Various Industries: 321 stainless steel pipes find applications in industries like aerospace (for engine components), chemical processing (due to their corrosion resistance), and thermal oxidizers, where they effectively handle high temperatures and corrosive gases.
In summary, 321 stainless steel pipes are favored for their high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, strength, and durability, which make them suitable for a wide range of challenging industrial applications. Consulting stainless steel pipe suppliers can provide guidance on choosing the right stainless steel grade for your specific needs.
The manufacturing of seamless 321 stainless steel tubing involves several key processes to ensure the final product meets the required specifications. Here are the primary steps:
Raw Material Selection: The process begins with the selection of high-quality stainless steel raw materials, which typically consist of iron, chromium, nickel, and other alloying elements. These materials must meet specific standards for chemical composition and purity.
Melting and Casting: The selected raw materials are melted in an electric or induction furnace to create a homogenous alloy. This molten metal is then cast into round billets or slabs.
Hot Extrusion: The billets are heated to a suitable temperature and then pierced to create a hollow tube. This initial tube is called a “bloom.”
Rotary Piercing: The bloom is further elongated and reduced in diameter through a rotary piercing process, forming a solid shell with a hole in the center.
Plug Rolling: The hollow shell is rolled on a plug mill, which further reduces the tube’s diameter and thickness while maintaining its length. This process is crucial for achieving the desired dimensions and surface finish.
Annealing: The tube is heat-treated in an annealing furnace to relieve stresses and improve its mechanical properties. Annealing also enhances corrosion resistance.
Sizing: The tube is further sized to achieve the precise dimensions and surface finish required for the final product.
Cold Drawing: The tube is drawn through a series of dies to achieve its final dimensions and improve its mechanical properties. Cold drawing also provides the desired surface finish.
Heat Treatment: The tubing may undergo additional heat treatment processes, such as solution annealing, to enhance its microstructure and properties.
Final Inspection and Testing: The seamless 321 stainless steel tubing undergoes rigorous quality control, including non-destructive testing methods like ultrasonic or eddy current testing to detect any defects. This ensures the tubing meets industry and customer specifications.
Cutting and Packaging: After passing quality inspection, the tubing is cut into specified lengths, and the ends are prepared for various end connections. It is then packaged and prepared for shipping to customers.
Manufacturers and stainless steel pipe suppliers play a crucial role in ensuring the quality and consistency of the seamless tubing by closely monitoring and controlling each step of this manufacturing process.
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